Mimarlık Bölümü / Department of Architecture

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://gcris3.etu.edu.tr/handle/20.500.11851/268

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Alternative Pedagogies Integrating Architectural Design and Technology [chapter 21]
(Caleıdoscópıo, 2019) Acar, Sibel
Realization of an architectural design requires a proper structural design, suitable materials, and construction technology. Possibilities and restrictions of construction technology have always had a decisive role in materialization of architecture. Accord-ingly, architects need to be knowledgeable about structures, materials, and technol-ogy. For this reason, curricula of schools of architecture include a set of technologi-cal courses such as statics, strength of materials, basic structural analysis and related topics of building science. Most of the students, while they are struggling with calcu-lations, fail to understand the meaning of all this knowledge to a design. Because they can’t find any design relevance, students question that if this learning is ever needed by the architect. Therefore, knowledge gained is not engaged in architectural imagi-nation. This paper briefly addresses why “design” and “technology” fall apart in ar-chitectural education and then presents several examples of alternative pedagogies including the one conducted by the author to constitute a link between technological courses and design practices.
Architecture and Media
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Bancı, Selda
The modernization process of the Republic of Turkey in the early 1930s is one of the finest examples among various others, illustrating the role of communication media in the formation of modern societies. As is well known, new social orders require a systematic means of communicating ideas to achieve their goals. In this context, ar- chitecture and the built environment take on a new meaning as an enduring means of a new way of living to be realized, and correspondingly, turning into communica- tion tools. Similarly, during the same era in Turkey, the republican reforms and pol- icies attempted to communicate with the public through architecture. Subsequently, architecture, which also began the process of modernization, created its media. Thus, architectural and political thought did not seem to exist without being embodied in the media, because communicating ideas must be almost entirely mediated and me- diatized. In this sense, this chapter is concerned with the issue of the complex rela- tionships between architecture and media in the context of materializing ideas in early republican Turkey. To portray the issue, the instrumentality of mediums, such as architectural exhibitions, competitions, journals, books, photography, and film, in the materialization of ideas during the formative years of the country is addressed.
As You See: Photographic Constructs of Architecture
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Acar, Sibel
From the earliest days of its invention, photography and architecture have been in a continuous interplay. Through photography, all kinds of images of the built envi- ronment have been produced and circulated. Photography has not been a passive or naïve tool for recording, describing, and documenting architecture. As a process of image-making, it has had many choices for picturing architecture. It renders what a camera sees in a photographic space. As a technique operated by different ways of seeing tocapture images and construct a discursive medium, photography has had significant effects on architectural imagination, design, practice, and critique. This essay aims to track photography’s implications transforming architecture by displaying several interfaces between architecture and photography.
Blurring the Borders Between History and Design: a Complementary Approach in Architectural Education [chapter 20]
(Caleıdoscópıo, 2019) Gürol Öngören, Pelin
The subject matters, scope and methods of architectural history have been a matter of discussion for decades. It has been long considered something different than the his-tory of spatial and tectonic typologies that has been regarded as canon or further be-yond a bunch of architectural knowledge operating as a supportive kit to increase the quality of architectural education. Architectural history, positioned within the De-partment of Architecture since 1960s, has tended to define itself as an autonomous field by dissociating from architectural design. The answer of the following question is contradictive: “Is history an autonomous discipline or a ‘service’?” In that sense would it be possible if one calls architectural history courses neither autonomous nor service by blurring the borders between those two? Could architectural history be a basic, inseparable and complementary component of architectural design and theory?This paper is based on an academic trial that has been practiced through the first year undergraduate students in the school of architecture that I am affiliated with. The model is formulated to customize and carry out architectural history courses togeth-er with Basic Design Studio. What two courses suggest is an integrated model that relies on theory, history and design. This model also attempts to initiate a new rela-tionship with other disciplines like history, archaeology, philosophy and many oth-ers. In the overall, this paper tries to discuss the potential of a new form of learning that reveals permeable and intimate relationship with other design and other relat-ed disciplines by blurring the borders between fields.
Citation - Scopus: 13
Constructivist Learning Theory in Virtual Design Studios
(IGI Global, 2012) Gül, L. F.; Williams A.; Gu, Ning
In the authors' design teaching, they have been employing virtual world technologies, allowing students the capacity to collaborate and design within a constructivist immersive design platform such as Second Life (www.secondlife.com) and Active Worlds (www.activeworlds.com). These environments support synchronous design communication and real-time 3D modelling. Particularly, 3D immersive design environments have the potential to make a major contribution to design education as constructivist learning environments. Based on authors' teaching experience and the students' learning experience, this chapter discusses 3D virtual world as constructivist learning environments that support team-based design and communication skill-building and presents the challenges faced by design education today. The chapter firstly provides a critical analysis of various design learning and teaching features offered in 3D virtual worlds as constructivist learning environments, secondly, identifies a number of key issues in addressing engagement and interaction in virtual design learning, thirdly, addresses the core skills and cognitive processes of designing in 3D virtual worlds, and finally, provides several strategies for the facilitation of virtual worlds as the constructivist design teaching platform. © 2012, IGI Global.
Cross-Disciplinary Pedagogies: Education on Heritage and Climate Change in Europe
(ISTE - Wiley, 2023) Gürol Öngören, Pelin; Acar, Sibel; Özbek, Aslı; Yılmaz, Burçin
Cultural heritage in Europe, as well as worldwide, is threatened by climate change, which impairs its integrity and threatens its values. Climate change's effects on heritage must be an integral part of architectural education. There is a complex relationship between climate change and cultural heritage. This research shows a disparity between research, education and practice. The Education for Climate-Resilient European Heritage Architecture project addresses the gaps. It aims to constitute the knowledge between education and research recommended by the 2018 European Union modernization agenda. Multi-disciplinary experts and students from different European Higher Education Institutions have collaborated to formulate an innovative e-learning course and methodology focusing on developing climate resilience for European cultural heritage. Cross-disciplinary Pedagogies aimed to specify and assess current approaches, interpretations and mediums in cross-disciplinary studies addressing heritage and climate change.
Dark Ecology in Industrial Areas: the Case of Turkish Sugar Factories
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Sönmez, Murat
The sugar industry is one of the most important representatives of industrialization and modernization in Turkey. Sugar Factories have become the tools of urban and social transformation and developed the regions where they are established. But, over time, the ideologies that formed sugar factories decayed. Such a decay could be caused by reasons such as the lack of adaptation to the changing economic and technological conditions in a short time, the restriction of sugar production with the amendments made to the law, the inability to maintain the continuity of the modern daily life in the campus areas. In this respect, this study is to discuss the dark-depression faced by the sugar industry theoretically within the framework of Timothy Morton’s con- cept of Dark Ecology. This phenomenon is developed from ecological awareness and is dark-depressing. This concept is a way of thinking about future coexistence called Dark Ecology. Sugar factories will become inactive and turn into brownfields as an inevitable end of all industrial areas such as the Ruhr region in Germany and Dock- lands in England. When the day of this inactivity comes, methods of accepting the dark sides of these areas and living with them have to be found. With this discussion, the uncertain future of sugar factories, which are the places of industrialization and modernization, will be approached with the new-dark perspective created by Timo- thy Morton. Thus, it will be possible to contribute to the infrastructure for the future of the areas theoretically.
Digital Materiality of Historic Heritage Sites Through Augmented Reality
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Çalışkan, Şeyma Nur; Acar, Aktan
[No Abstract Available]
Double Processing of the Design [chapter 6]
(Caleıdoscópıo, 2019) Öztoprak, Zelal; Çağlar, Tayyibe Nur
This paper focuses on the design studio, which is central to architectural curriculum. The argument is developed through the knowledge of architectural design experiment and pedagogy of Architectural Design Studio 5. In Studio 5, we focus on making de-sign process visible, as a way of emphasizing the design as a research environment. Different strategies are developed and implemented to make design process appar-ent. In this paper, one of these strategies, called as the ‘thing’ will be illustrated with the process and products of Studio 5. The ‘thing’ is proposed as a way to map the de-sign fragments. Within and from the ‘thing’ the design fragments originate, develop and take form. The purpose of the ‘thing’ is to make the design ideas visible and to ensure the linkage of the discourse and architectural object.
Ever- Flowing Transect
(Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, 2021) Gürol Öngören, Pelin; Acar, Sibel; Özbek, Aslı
[No Abstract Available]
Citation - Scopus: 1
A Framework of Collaborative Virtual Environments for Design Research
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2013) Gül, F. L.; Wang X.; Kim M. J.
Recent advances in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) have attracted noted research efforts in using it for assisting design and facilitating design collaboration. This paper proposes a CVEs framework for design research that focuses on practicability of each variable for providing design assistances in specific projects. Although previous work in CVE in design has properly addressed the variables in an isolated manner, comprehensive issues in terms of CVE effectiveness in design assistance need to be further developed. The comprehensive CVE framework consists of three dimensions and thirteen categories, which further address the variables for theory and implementation. The paper further critically reviews each of the variables in its implication of design assistance based on the findings from representative literature. Thisframework provides a basis for evaluating potential and important research areas and identifying driving factors for future CVE research in design assistance. © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
From Black Boxes to Transparency: The Evolution of AI in Architectural Design
(Alanya University Publication, 2024) Başar, Sevda; Çınar, Zelal.
[No Abstract Available]
Citation - Scopus: 1
Methods for Assessing 3d Virtual Worlds in Design Education [pp. 152-169]
(Igi Global, 2014) Gül, Leman Figen; Gu, Ning; Kim, Mi Jeong; Wang, Xiangyu
With the advancement and increasing adoption of information and communication virtual worlds, being a part of these revolutionary forces, have the potential to make a major contribution to design education as a new teaching and learning environment. Considering this changing trend, we have been employing 3D virtual worlds in the design curriculum over the past decade. To critically understand the impact of the technologies on design education, this chapter explores and demonstrates three different assessment methods of 3D virtual worlds in design education, through three case studies. The chapter also concludes with insights into the applications of virtual environments in collaborative design teaching.
A New Understanding of Resilience in Architecture: Learning From Disruptions
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Doğan, Merve Nur; Öztoprak, Zelal
With a common meaning of the ability to a system or entity to bounce back in the face of a disturbance, resilience has multiple definitions. The term applied to the dif- ferent areas from particular disciplinary perspectives and investigated under sever- al frameworks that are specific to the discipline and the disruption considered. This paper argues that disruption is one of the essential drivers of any discussion on resil- ience and suggests that a framework for resilience in architecture requires considera- tion of long-term disruptions, as well as the instant ones, with tangible and intangi- ble aspects. In this context, this paper aims to develop a comprehensive understand- ing of disruptions that buildings face. It extends current approaches to resilience in buildings, which mainly focus on collapse prevention and hazard mitigation, by ex- plicitly considering the protection of functions and the continuous availability of ser- vices and the disruptions other than hazardous events. It proposes a framework of disruptions in buildings that includes changing cultural and economic context with the changes in the user needs, technology, environment, legal regulations.
Researches - Sustainability in Architectural Education: a Pilot Study on Interactive Visualization of a Scoping Review
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Özgenç, Ömer; Ruhi Sipahioğlu, Işıl
Doing a literature review is imperative for any scientific research for depicting the cur- rent state of the art, explaining what a research output will take part in the future, and offering future research directions. Existing literature defines four review types depending on their overarching goal, search strategy, appraisal of included studies, analysis, and synthesis. Review papers or reviews in articles mainly use Gantt charts to describe the number of publications addressing specific topics, the number of cita- tions publications received, or draw co-citation or keyword co-occurrence networks supported with narratives. Hence, they remain inadequate in providing a visual over- view of a specific research field, as they are not created by linking each publication to its research objectives, topics, case studies, methods, etc. This study believes that visualizing these links is potent for new researchers to access relevant literature and draw research gaps. This study aims to offer an experimental visualization entitled ReSeARCHeS, which is an interactive visualization of research outputs on learning environments (including tools, methods, courses, curricula) implemented towards to facilitate the integration of sustainability in architectural education. Based on the scoping study stages (work-in-progress), this study collects and categorizes relevant research outputs published from January 2018 to September 2020 on two electron- ic databases. The last step of this review, which involves the syntheses and analyses, is still on-going for a broader timeframe. The study codes each output based on con- tent analysis with pre-defined categories from the field of architectural education. It then builds a network by linking each output to its codes on Graph Commons. This paper discusses possible applications of ReSeARCHeS in broadening researchers’ un- derstanding of a field and contributing to the universal circulation of knowledge and experience.
Review on Architectural Tectonics Through Meaning and Making
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Abbas, Günsu Merin
The architectural tectonics is built upon a strong distinction between meaning and making. Since Vitruvius, the makers and thinkers seek fort he formulation of what good architecture is based upon such distinnction. Each time, good architecture has re-formulated and re-defined regarding the changes and the developments in the course of history. At this stage, this paper aims to map and re-frame the meaning and making through changing tectonic paradigms and aims to question the meaning and making in the context of advancing technology.
Simulating Passive Ventilation Techniques By Using Different Software
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Dönmez, Burak; Elias-Ozkan, Soofia Tahira
The ever increasing negative impacts of the global warming phenomenon on nature, environment, and people can no longer be ignored (Parry et al, 2007). While an im- portant factor causing this increase is the increasing amount of energy consumption and the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One of the sources for this in- crease in energy consumption in the world is the building sector, where construction, operation, and maintenance activities account for approximately 40% of the energy demand, and 45% of the global carbon emission (Calautit et al, 2016). On the other hand, the energy demand for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, which are a part of the building operation ac- tivities, is more than 40% of the total energy usage (Chenari et al, 2016). This situ- ation is aggravated further in regions with extreme climates, because of the need to provide thermal comfort to the occupants; i.e. heating in cold climates and air condi- tioning (AC) in hot climates. Since in such climates people spend most of their time in conditioned spaces, their indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy consumption are both important for human health and for the current energy problem. Consequent- ly, indoor air quality, thermal comfort, occupant behaviour, and the building’s ener- gy performance have a direct relationship with its energy consumption (Li, 2013). A study into traditional buildings reveals that passive solutions for providing thermal comfort are quite successful in reducing or even doing away with the need for ener- gy consumption. For example, in hot climates, traditional/natural ventilation tech- niques are useful in reducing cooling loads in buildings, while providing healthier IAQ, concurrently. However, if the most appropriate technique/ technology is not se- lected, its application can be quite costly. On the other hand, it is possible to simu- late the various options on a virtual model of the proposed building by using related software. Hence, this study begins with the investigation of traditional passive ven- tilation techniques, which have been used since ancient times; such as solar chim- neys, wind catchers, underground air passages, and atria. Simulating these passive SIMULATING PASSIVE VENTILATION TECHNIQUES BY USING DIFFERENT SOFTWARE 244 strategies is a complex exercise using computational fluid dynamics (CFD); there- fore, building 2 simulation strategies that can be used for evaluating the aforemen- tioned passive ventilation techniques virtually, will be studied. To this end, a general overview of the problems encountered in CFD based energy simulations will be in- vestigated; and case studies on the application of traditional passive ventilation tech- niques through various software will be examined. The aim of this research is to de- termine and select the most efficient methods and techniques for both passive ven- tilation and simulation of their applications, through a review of the related liter- ature. It is expected that this study will be helpful in conducting future research on the feasibility of adapting traditional architectural techniques that require less cool- ing/ heating energy for providing thermal comfort, even when they are located in ex- treme climates. In conclusion, this study examines the benefits of traditional passive ventilation techniques and their adaptation to current architecture by using energy simulation software for predicting the most appropriate solution.
Structure and Fragment in Architectural Practice
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Atabek Çelikli, İlkiz; Acar, Sibel; Çağlar, Nur
Since the last decades of the previous century, image production has increased more rapidly than in any other history phase. The visual culture environment has become dominant and affected architectural practices. The linear process that begins with an idea and ends with an end-product has disappeared. This study explores an al- ternative way of looking at the architectural practice, understanding its processes and products. By defining two concepts, “fragment” and “structure,” and question- ing their relationship as a pair, this study argues that; Each image is both a struc- ture and a fragment. Fragments establish various structures by associating with oth- er fragments while the structures break down into various fragments that go forever. Attention and responsiveness to each other, the communication of the fragment and the structure becomes a richer exchange, more cooperative, more dialogic. Thus, they provide a broader perspective to comprehend and interpret the present day’s architec- tural practice through its objects and images. The relationship between the fragment and the structure that this essay focuses on is not a kind of dialog in which parties preserve themselves while they communicate, nor the fragment and structure have a part-whole relationship. Instead, this study focuses on the intellectual outputs of structure and fragment that construct and reconstruct themselves in a dialogic rela- tionship within this context.
Towards a Dialogic Perspective for Urban Voids
(Caleidoscopio, 2022) Yaşar, Elif Ceren; Öztoprak, Zelal; Çağlar, Nur
One of the primary purposes of urban studies is to investigate scenarios for the future of cities and how the decisions influence the urban landscape. Every decision taken by authorities changes the physical, social, economic, and political qualities and identi- ty of the city, and these changes are reflected in the urban space and, therefore, in the urban experiences of people. These decisions are mostly taken by solely considering the tangible qualities of the urban space. However, there are also intangible aspects of urban space. This paper addresses the importance of these intangible aspects, with a particular focus on deepening urban experience. Urban voids are an essential part of the urban experience. They are the cornerstone for urban development and the grounds for change; therefore, their design process should be considered thoroughly, together with the city organism and taking different viewpoints into account. There are two risks of not considering urban voids in such a manner: 1. These voids will become undefined areas and transform into lost spaces, 2. These voids will potentially break off from the city organism and become patches. Thus, they should be intertwined with the city before they become patches in every aspect. Only in this way will they be filled with meanings, identities, people, actions, subsequently, urban experiences. The scope of this study is to scrutinize the potential of urban voids with the conceptu- al framework of Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of ‘dialogy’, ‘carnival’, and ‘heteroglossia’. The Bakhtinian point of view aims to reveal a heteroglot and a dialogical perspective dominated by the carnavalesk state of urban voids. In line with this purpose, this pa- per aimed to bring a Bakhtinian perspective to urban voids.
Turkey
(The International Committee For The Conservation Of The Industrial Heritage (TICCIH), 2022) Mıhçıoğlu, Elif
[No Abstract Available]

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